Knee Osteoarthritis (Wear & Tear Arthritis)
Knee osteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage cushioning the knee gradually wears away, causing pain and stiffness.
Common Symptoms
- Knee pain during walking
- Morning stiffness
- Swelling
- Difficulty climbing stairs
- Bow-legged deformity in advanced stages
Treatment
- Weight management
- Physiotherapy
- Pain medications
- Knee braces
- PRP or Hyaluronic Acid injections (selected patients)
- Total Knee Replacement (TKR) for advanced arthritis
ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament) Injury
An ACL tear is a common sports injury that causes knee instability.
Common Symptoms
- Sudden popping sensation
- Swelling after injury
- Knee giving way
- Difficulty running or changing direction
Treatment
- RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)
- Physiotherapy
- Arthroscopic ACL Reconstruction for active individuals
Meniscus Tear
The meniscus is a cartilage cushion that can tear after twisting injuries or with aging.
Common Symptoms
- Knee pain
- Locking or catching
- Swelling
- Difficulty squatting
Treatment
- Rest and physiotherapy
- Arthroscopic Meniscus Repair
- Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy when repair isn't possible
PCL Injury
The Posterior Cruciate Ligament stabilizes the knee and is commonly injured in road traffic accidents.
Common Symptoms
- Knee pain
- Instability
- Difficulty walking downhill
Treatment
- Knee brace
- Physiotherapy
- Arthroscopic PCL Reconstruction in selected cases
Multi-Ligament Knee Injury
Severe trauma may injure multiple ligaments around the knee, resulting in significant instability.
Treatment
- MRI evaluation
- Arthroscopic ligament reconstruction
- Rehabilitation programme
Patellar Dislocation (Kneecap Dislocation)
The kneecap slips out of its normal position, usually after twisting injuries.
Symptoms
- Sudden knee deformity
- Pain and swelling
- Recurrent instability
Treatment
- Immobilization
- Physiotherapy
- MPFL Reconstruction or realignment surgery for recurrent dislocations
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (Runner's Knee)
Pain around the front of the knee caused by overuse or abnormal kneecap tracking.
Symptoms
- Pain while climbing stairs
- Pain after prolonged sitting
- Pain during running
Treatment
- Activity modification
- Physiotherapy
- Strengthening exercises
- Footwear correction
Knee Cartilage Injury
Damage to the smooth cartilage covering the knee joint.
Symptoms
- Persistent pain
- Swelling
- Locking sensation
Treatment
- Arthroscopic cartilage procedures
- Microfracture
- Cartilage restoration procedures (selected patients)
Knee Tendon Injuries
Includes Patellar Tendinitis (Jumper's Knee) and Quadriceps Tendon Injury.
Symptoms
- Pain below or above the kneecap
- Pain during jumping or running
Treatment
- Physiotherapy
- Activity modification
- PRP injections (selected patients)
- Surgical repair for complete tears
Baker's Cyst
A fluid-filled swelling behind the knee caused by underlying knee problems.
Symptoms
- Swelling behind the knee
- Tightness
- Difficulty bending
Treatment
- Treat underlying knee disease
- Aspiration (selected patients)
- Surgery rarely required
Knee Bursitis
Inflammation of the fluid-filled sacs around the knee.
Symptoms
- Localized swelling
- Pain while kneeling
- Warmth and redness
Treatment
- Rest
- Ice
- Anti-inflammatory medications
- Aspiration if needed
Knee Fractures
Common fractures include Tibial Plateau Fracture, Patella Fracture, and Distal Femur Fracture.
Symptoms
- Tibial Plateau Fracture
- Patella Fracture
- Distal Femur Fracture
Treatment
- Casting for stable fractures
- Surgical fixation for displaced fractures
- Rehabilitation programme
Advanced Knee Treatments We Offer
- Total Knee Replacement (TKR)
- Partial Knee Replacement
- Robotic Knee Replacement
- Revision Knee Replacement
- Arthroscopic (Keyhole) Knee Surgery
- ACL Reconstruction
- PCL Reconstruction
- Meniscus Repair
- Cartilage Restoration Procedures
- Multi-Ligament Reconstruction
- Sports Injury Rehabilitation
- PRP Therapy (Selected Cases)
When Should You See a Knee Specialist?
- Knee pain lasting more than 2 weeks
- Swelling after injury
- Knee locking or catching
- Knee giving way or instability
- Difficulty walking
- Difficulty climbing stairs
- Inability to fully bend or straighten the knee
- Pain affecting daily activities or sleep
